利用CEEMD分析中国沿海GNSS站高程时序变化     

刘豪  周东旭  王盼龙  张化疑  王永康  姜传苓 《测绘通报》2020,(3):39-43,77

利用完备经验模态分解方法（CEEMD）对我国沿海地区6个GNSS基准站（2010—2018）的高程时序数据进行了处理分析。结果表明：CEEMD在高程时间序列分析中具有一定的优越性，可准确分解出各GNSS站高程时序中存在的周、月、季节、年等变化周期项，其中周年运动是主要贡献项，各站高程时间序列的短周期变化与潮汐变化周期具有密切关联性；沿海GNSS站的地面沉降既具有区域的一致性，又存在区域间差异性，其中D区DBJO、DZJJ站呈现先下降后上升的趋势，N区NZUH、NWZU站呈下降趋势，B区的BZMW呈上升趋势，而同海区的BLHT站则呈显著的下降趋势。  相似文献   

南海芋螺科一新记录种(软体动物门, 腹足纲, 新腹足目)     

陈志云  连喜平  谭烨辉 《热带海洋学报》2019,38(4):59-63

在对中国科学院南海海洋生物标本馆馆藏芋螺科 Conidae 标本, 以及近年来在南海补充采集的标本进行整理的过程中, 通过形态分类学方法鉴定发现隶属于芋螺属 Conus 的中国海新记录种1种: 锈色芋螺 Conus ferrugineus Hwass in Bruguière, 1792, 标本采自西沙群岛。文章描述了该种的外部形态, 查明了其生活习性和地理分布特点, 并与相似种犊纹芋螺 Conus vitulinus Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 进行了比较, 通过壳口内面前沟部位的颜色可将两者区分开: 锈色芋螺呈白色, 而犊纹芋螺呈紫 (褐) 色; 同时对这两个相似种的其他区别特征进行了总结。  相似文献   

利用GLAS激光测高数据评估DSM产品质量及精度优化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

胡柳茹  唐新明  李国元  付冬暇  窦显辉  赵世湖 《测绘通报》2019,(11):39-43

提出了一种利用卫星激光测高数据直接优化提升数字表面模型（DSM）产品精度的方法。选取境外中亚地区的资源三号DSM开展试验，通过采用多准则约束方法提取激光高程控制点，分别利用偏度、中值、线性、二次多项式等进行DSM误差修正，发现4种模型均能有效消除DSM系统误差，其中基于二次多项式的方法更适用于平地和丘陵地貌，线性模型更适用于高山地貌。试验验证了采用卫星激光测高数据优化境外DSM技术流程的可行性，最终可提高DSM的绝对高程精度。  相似文献   

Experimental investigation on a cabin-suspended catamaran in terms of motion reduction and wave energy harvesting by means of a semi-active motion control system     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

A novel concept catamaran equipped with a suspended cabin, named Wave Harmonizer Type 4 (WHzer-4), is proposed and evaluated. The mass-spring-mass system is constructed by mounting four sets of suspensions in-between the cabin and the twin-hull. Two sets of dual motor/generators (M/Gs) are attached on the center beam of the cabin's deck fore and aft. Each shaft-end of the dual M/Gs is connected to the twin-hull through a rack-pinion gear unit. In this way the vertical relative motion between the cabin and the twin-hull can be transferred into the rotational motion of the M/Gs, and vice versa. A semi-active motion control system, which contains a proportional-integral (PI) controller, is designed and applied to each of the dual M/Gs for the aim of absorbing wave energy under the condition of suppressing the local vertical velocity of the cabin as much as possible. A 1/5 scale model ship with a length of 1.6 m is built, and a forced-oscillation bench test is implemented to validate the performance of the control system. Then, a series of towing tank tests is carried out in regular head waves. The heave and pitch responses of the cabin, those of the twin-hull and the corresponding wave energy capture width ratio (CWR) at five control scenarios and two reference scenarios are investigated. Discussion on the results of the tank test shows that the motion reduction of the cabin and the wave energy harvesting can be achieved simultaneously at a few wave conditions. However, at other conditions, although noticeable amount of wave energy is harvested, motion reduction of the heave and pitch of the cabin could not be obtained at the same time. It is suggested that varying the gain settings of the PI controllers according to the location of the controllers may improve the effectiveness of the proposed control system.  相似文献   

Impact of fractional probability distributions on statistics of hydraulic conductivity,dynamics of groundwater flow and solute transport at a low-permeability site     

Chengpeng Lu  Wei Qin  Ching-Sheng Huang  Yong Zhang  Tema Koketso Ealotswe 《水文研究》2020,34(21):4112-4127

The fractional Brownian motion (fBm) and fractional Lévy motion (fLm) can easily describe the geometry and the statistical structure of hydraulic conductivity (K) for real-world. However, the fBm and fLm models have not been systematically evaluated when building the K field for a low-permeability site. In this study, both the fBm and fLm are used to simulate the low-K field at NingCheGu (NCG), Tianjin, China. Groundwater flow and solute transport are then computed using MODFLOW and MT3DMS, respectively, and the influence of the fBm/fLm models for K on groundwater flow and solute transport is discussed. Results show that the fLm fits better the statistics of the low-K medium than fBm, and the random logarithmic K (LnK) field generated by fLm is more stable because the resultant LnK field captures more of the measured properties at the field site than that generated by fBm. In contrast, the LnK generated by fBm is more likely to form both high-K channels and low-K barriers. The fBm therefore predicts more extreme behaviours in flow and transport, including the preferential flow, low-concentration blocks and solute retention. The overall groundwater renewal period and solute travel time for the fLm simulation are slightly shorter than those for fBm. The impacts of the fLm and fBm models on the statistics of the resultant LnK fields and the dynamics of groundwater flow and solute transport revealed by this study shed light on the selection and evaluation of the fractional probability distribution models in capturing the K fields for low-K media.  相似文献   

迁入地资源环境压力指标体系构建与评价——以贵州省纳雍县为例     

郑钧宁  徐红 《测绘通报》2020,(8):126-130

选取贵州省纳雍县为易地扶贫迁入地研究对象，构建了评价指标体系，对迁入地资源环境压力进行了评价；同时应用层次分析法确定指标权重，计算资源环境压力，并将结果划分为相对高、中、低压力区3个等级。分析结果表明，纳雍县整体资源较为贫乏，生态环境较为脆弱，人均资源量较少，造成资源环境整体压力较大；由贫困发生率与资源环境评价值作相关分析，资源环境压力与贫困发生率呈弱负相关性。  相似文献   

关中盆地浅层地热能赋存规律及资源量估算     

周阳  洪增林  张卉  曹晓凡  穆根胥 《中国地质调查》2020,7(2):21-29

通过野外地质调查及室内综合研究,分析了关中盆地浅层地热能的开发利用情况、赋存特征和形成模式,并对资源量进行了估算,总结了盆地不同地貌单元、不同岩性的岩土体热物性参数特征,计算了区域恒温带深度和浅层大地热流值。关中盆地地热能的形成模式主要为热传导型和热对流型: 热传导型地热资源主要分布于西安凹陷、固市凹陷等完整地质块体内; 热对流型地热资源主要分布于深大断裂直接沟通地表的区域以及断裂带周边区域。采用层次分析法对关中盆地浅层地热能进行适宜性分区,认为关中盆地整体属于地埋管地源热泵系统适宜区或较适宜区,地下水地源热泵系统适宜区和较适宜区主要分布在盆地中部漫滩区和阶地区。利用热储法,计算关中盆地浅层地热能热容量为1.38×10¹⁶ kJ/℃,浅层地热能储量巨大,开发利用前景优良。  相似文献   

A Holocene high-resolution record of aquatic productivity,seasonal anoxia and meromixis from varved sediments of Lake Łazduny,North-Eastern Poland: insight from a novel multi-proxy approach     

Andrea Sanchini  Sönke Szidat  Wojciech Tylmann  Hendrik Vogel  Agnieszka Wacnik  Martin Grosjean 《第四纪科学杂志》2020,35(8):1070-1080

Anthropogenic eutrophication and spreading anoxia in freshwater systems is a global concern. Little is known about anoxia in earlier historic times under weaker human impact, or under prehistoric natural conditions with different trophic, land cover and climatic regimes. We use a novel approach that combines high-resolution hyperspectral imaging with µ-XRF and HPLC-pigment data, which allows us to assess chloropigments (productivity) and bacteriopigments (anoxia) at seasonal subvarve-scale resolution. Our ~9700 cal a bp varved sediment record from NE Poland suggests that productivity increased stepwise from oligotrophic Early Holocene conditions (until ~9200 cal a bp ) to mesotrophic conditions in the Mid- and Late Holocene. Natural eutrophication was mainly a function of progressing landscape evolution with intense weathering under dense forest and warm-moist climatic conditions. Generally, anoxia increased with increasing productivity. Seasonal anoxia and some multi-decadal periods of meromixis were the common mixing patterns throughout the Holocene except for a period of persisting meromixis between ~5200 and 2000 cal a bp. Anthropogenic deforestation around 400 cal a bp resulted in substantially better lake oxygenation despite high productivity. In this small lake, aquatic productivity and lakeshore forest cover (wind shield) were more important factors controlling oxic/anoxic conditions than Holocene temperature variability.  相似文献   

新疆伊犁地区季节冻土沿海拔的分布规律及其影响因素     

郝建盛  张飞云  黄法融  李兰海 《冰川冻土》2020,42(4):1179-1185

基于2000 - 2014年新疆伊犁地区不同海拔区域观测的冻融期内的冻土、 积雪和气象数据， 应用相关性分析和回归分析方法， 分析该地区季节冻土沿海拔的分布规律， 以及气温、 积雪对季节冻土特征的影响。结果表明： 伊犁地区表层土壤存在着每年11月份开始结冻， 于次年4月份完全融化的周期性变化。每个周期内土壤冻结时长随海拔以4 d·（100m）^-1的趋势增加， 土壤最大冻结深度随海拔以3.9 cm·（100m）^-1的趋势增加。土壤冻结时长与冻结期的平均气温具有显著负相关关系， 相关系数为-0.98（P<0.05）。土壤冻结日数与积雪覆盖历时呈正相关关系， 土壤的最大冻结深度与最大雪深呈负相关关系。随着海拔升高， 温度递减， 导致伊犁地区土壤最大冻结深度和土壤冻结日数整体呈现增加趋势。但在海拔相对较高的地区， 由于相对较厚积雪的影响， 出现土壤最大冻结深度随海拔升高而减小的反常现象。研究结果可为新疆伊犁地区季节冻土的分布对气候变化的响应研究提供支持， 帮助研究区域生态规划和水资源管理， 为农业发展制定适应气候变化对策。  相似文献   

圆筒型FPSO优化设计与水动力性能分析     

赵治民  李焱  唐友刚  何鑫  童波 《海洋工程》2020,38(1):11-19

针对圆筒型海上储油装置FPSO垂荡运动性能较差、无法安装干式井口的问题,设计了带延伸筒体与矩形阻尼结构的圆筒型FPSO,根据延伸筒体与矩形阻尼结构是否通海分为两种型式。建立水动力计算模型,比较分析不同延伸筒体和阻尼结构型式对FPSO水动力性能的影响。针对南海作业海域,设计了悬链式系泊系统,基于JONSWAP波浪谱对FPSO的运动进行时域预报,并对系泊系统进行校核。分析结果表明:通海型FPSO垂荡固有周期显著提升,可以错开南海百年一遇谱峰周期,通海型FPSO满足钻井、安装干式井口的运动响应要求,系泊系统系缆张力满足规范要求。  相似文献